STANZA FORMS
|
| S.No.
|
Stanza
Forms
Particulars
|
HEROIC COUPLET
|
TERZA RIMA
|
CHAUCERIAN STANZA (OR) RHYME ROYAL
|
OTTAVA RIMA
|
SPENSERIAN STANZA
|
| 1
|
ORIGIN
|
France
|
Italy
|
France
|
Italy
|
England
|
| 2
|
NO. OF LINES
|
2 lines (couplet)
|
3 lines (tercet)
|
7 lines
|
8 lines
|
9 lines (2 quatrains + 1 line)
|
| 3
|
METRE
|
2 iambic pentameters
|
_
|
Iambic pentameter
|
Iambic pentameter
|
-2 quatrains in iambic pentameter
-1 line in Alexandrine (line of 6 iambic feet)
|
| 4
|
RHYME SCHEME
|
Rhyme together
|
1st & 3rd line rhyme together.
2nd line rhyme with 1st & 3rd line of the succeeding tercet
(ababcbcdc…)
|
1st with 3rd line,
2nd with 4th & 5th lines,
6th & 7th lines rhyme together
(ababbcc)
|
6 lines rhyme alternately
2 lines rhyme together (couplet stand alone)
(abababcc)
|
-2nd quatrain continues 1 rhyme of 1st quatrain
-closing line has 1 rhyme of 2nd quatrain
(abab,bcbc,c)
|
| 5
|
FIRST USED BY
|
Chaucer in England
|
Dante
|
Chaucer in England
|
Sir Thomas Wyatt in England
|
Spenser
|
| 6
|
SUITED FOR
|
Narrative verses of today with some changes
|
_
|
Narrative verse
|
Narrative verse, humour, satire, also serious theme
|
-lengthy narrative
-descriptive poem
-rhetorical (intended to impress) passages
|
| 7
|
EXAMPLES
|
1)Chaucer’s “Cantebury Tales”
2)Pope’s “Essay on Criticism”
3)Spenser’s “Mother Hubbard’s Tales”
4)Keats’ “Lamia”
|
1)Dante’s “Divine Comedy”
2)Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind”
3)Shelley’s “Triumph of Life”
4)Browning’s “The Statue and the Bust”
|
1)King James 1’s “King’s Quair”
2)Chaucer’s “The Parliament Of Fouls”
3)Chaucer’s “Clerk’s Tale”
4)Shakespeare’s “The Rape Of Lucrece”
|
1)Byron’s “The Vision Of Judgement”
2)Byron’s “Don Juan”
3)Shelley’s “The Witch Of Atlas”
4)Keat’s “The Poet Of Basil”
|
1)Spenser’s “Faerie Queene”
2)Keats’ “The Eve Of St. Agnes”
3)Shelley’s “Adonais”
4)Shelley’s “The Revolt Of Islam”
|
| 8
|
NAMED AFTER
|
Named as ‘heroic’ because it was the usual form of epic verse in English celebrating heroic exploits
|
_
|
-Named as “Chaucerian” because it was started by Chaucer
-Named as “Rhyme Royal” after its adoption by King James 1 of Scotland in his “Kings Quair”
|
_
|
Since Spenser started, this stanza form is known as Spenserian stanza
|
| 9
|
SPECIAL POINTS
|
1)characteristics:
-1st line end by “,” (partial sense completion)
-2nd line end by “.” (full sense completion)
-couplet is closed & self-contained
-rhyme may be single or double
-a line has 10 syllables (odd ones-short; even ones-long)
2)poets
Chaucer, Spenser, Elizabethans, Dryden & pope, Romantic poets
3)variations:
-triplet (3 lines) with same rhyme
-Alexandrine (line of 6 iambic feet)
-Like a verse paragraph
-Metrical variations
|
-Rhyming scheme is a running series
-In its strict form- tercet should end (but Romantic poets do not follow)
|
_
|
The couplet allows mood transition (unlike that of Chaucerian stanza)
|
_
|
No comments:
Post a Comment